COMPOSITION
Each 1ml contains Nitroxynil 340mg with Excipients q.s.to 1ml.
DESCRIPTION
It is a reddish injectable solution.
Generic name: Nitroxynil Injection 34%.
Brand Name: Nitrodox 34
Chemical Name: Lodine-2-hydroxi-4-nitro-5-benzonitrile (cyano4-iodine, 2, nitro-6phenol)
Chemical Structure:
Mol Weight: 290.02 CAS No: 1689-89-0
CLNICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Parmacodynamics:
Nitrodox 34 is nitrate derivative from benzene compounds and presents a flukicide effect and is commonly used and the one with best spectrum from all the nitrate derivative trematocides. The mechanism of action corresponds to a respiratory metabolism interference of the helminth, blocking the energy production by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Nitrodox 34 impedes to use the oxide-reduction reactions for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. After the use of all its energetic reserves the parasites die due to starvation.
Nitrodox 34 also causes the scolex detachment of the intestinal mucosa and the proximal proglottid of the cestode.
Studies realized with Nitrodox 34 demonstrates that effective blood levels are reached after 5 hours of the drug’s administration and with maximum peaks after 12 hours, with an activity threshold during 30 days that maximizes its antiparasitic action.
Pharmacokinetics:
There can be noted that it is associated strongly to the plasmatic proteins favoring its distribution to the tissues and its slow elimination of the organism. The biotransformation occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. The Nitrodox 34 and its metabolites are eliminated by faeces through the bile route.
It is suggested that it acts inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation. It is possible to confirm its effects over Fasciola gigantica in laboratory conditions, after adding 20 mg/ml in vitro, which induces the immediate stop of the muscular contractions, making think that acts as neuromuscular blocker, due to this the parasite dies paralyzed and with energy deficiency.
Nitrodox 34 is used by parenteral route because in the rumen would suffer an efficiency reduction; the maximum plasmatic levels are acquired between 30 and 60 minutes and the mean life is 8 days; the excretion occurs through urine during 30 days approximately.
INDICATIONS
Nitrodox 34 is indicated for control of Fasciolosis (larval and adult stage) caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica; gastrointestinal parasitism caused by Haemonchus spp., Bunostomum spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Oestrus spp. in cattle, sheep, goats and camel, as well as
Ancylostoma spp. and Uncinaria spp.in dogs.
TARGET ANIMAL
Nitrodox 34 is developed and tested for its use in cattle, sheep, goats, camel and dogs.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Subcutaneous route only.
The Standard dosage is 10mg per 1 kg bodyweight (=1.5 ml of Nitrodox 34/50kg b.w.).
Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Camel and Dogs:
1ml every 50kg of body weight against Fasciola hepatica and F.gigantica.
1.5 ml every 50 kg of body weight against Haemochus contortus, Oesophagostomum spp., Bunostomum spp., Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinatia spp.
2.0 ml every 50 kg of body weight in cases of acute severe Fasciolosis and Oestrosis in sheep (Oestrus ovis).
SIDE EFFECTS
A slight swelling may appear at the site of inoculation, which will disappear in a few days.
PRECAUTIONS AND WARNINGS
1. Only dose cows on dry period.
2. Do not mix in the same syringe or container with any other substance different to the product.
The containers and any residue of product should be eliminated in a safe way(burial or incineration).
3. The use on other species than authorized is not recommended.
4. It can be used at any stage of pregnancy (however, in the last third, the product must be managed very carefully under professional supervision); it does not affect fertility, gestation nor fetus formation, and it does not affect the reproductive performance of stallions.
5. In case of intoxication, keep the patient in a cold place and administer dextrose by endovenous route.
6. In case of ingestion, wash mouth and request help to the veterinarian.
7. Be careful of auto inject accidentally. Seek medical attention in case of accidental injection.
WITHDRAWAL PERIOD
Meat: 30 days. Milk: 5 days. Dose only cows on dry period.
VALIDITY
2 years
PRESENTAION
Nitrodox 34 is available in bottle of 100ml, and 250ml.
STORAGE
Store in a cool, dry and dark place.